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Smoke alarms detect and
alert people to fire in its early stages, giving them the time needed to escape
safely. When working properly, smoke alarms can mean the difference between
life and death in a fire. Smoke alarms must be maintained properly and tested
regularly to ensure their effectiveness.
There is a difference
between smoke alarms and smoke detectors:
A smoke alarm detects
smoke and sounds the alarm from the smoke alarm.
A smoke detector is
part of a fire alarm system that uses a separate fire alarm control unit. The
detector senses the smoke and sends a signal to the control unit to sound the
alarm. (These systems are often monitored by an off-site facility that can
contact the fire department.)
There are two different
types of smoke alarms: ionization and photoelectric.
An ionization alarm is
typically more responsive to a flaming fire, such as a pan fire.
A photoelectric alarm
is typically more responsive to a smoldering fire, as might occur where a
lighted cigarette is dropped on a sofa.
Combination alarms
provide ionization and photoelectric detection. NFPA
recommends installing
combination alarms, or both types of alarms, in the home. Whatever type of
smoke alarms you choose, make sure they bear the mark of a recognized testing
laboratory.
Smoke alarms should be
installed in every bedroom, outside each sleeping area, and on every level of
the home.
For the best
protection, smoke alarms should be interconnected, so that when one alarm sounds, they
all do. A licensed electrician can do an interconnection by using hard-wired,
multiple-station smoke alarms.
Wireless
interconnection of smoke alarms is also available. A licensed electrician may
be needed to replace existing hard-wired smoke alarms with those capable of
wireless interconnection.
Whether smoke alarms
are hard-wired or wireless, all interconnected smoke alarms must be compatible
with one another, as specified by the manufacturer.
Combination smoke
alarms (ionization and photoelectric) currently do not have wireless connection
capabilities.
Smoke alarms should be
installed at least 3 metres from a cooking appliance.
Any smoke alarm between
3 to 6 metres of a stationary or fixed cooking appliance should be
photoelectric, or must be equipped with a hush feature, which temporarily
reduces the alarm’s sensitivity for a short period of time.
Communicate the CSE
plan (e.g., specific confined space hazards, precautions, responsibilities, and
emergency procedures) to entrants and standby men.
Ensure proper work
permits (confined space entry, hot work, etc.) are issued prior to allowing work
to commence.
Verify all precautions
of the CSE plan and applicable work permits are properly implemented.
Designate qualified
confined space standby men who are fluent in the language needed to communicate
with the CSES and rescue team.
Verify entrants and
confined space standby men are properly trained.
Coordinate confined
space operations when employees of more than one crew or contractor will be
working simultaneously inside or adjacent to the confined space.
